eng Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania Audit Financiar 18448801 2016-06-01 14 138 634 641 10.20869/AUDITF/2016/138/634 9478 article Ioana PĂLĂRIE ioana.palarie17@gmail.com 32 Nadia ALBU nadia.albu@cig.ase.ro 33 Bucharest University of Economic Studies In this paper we analyse the evolution in the level of convergence of the Romanian accounting regulations with IFRS in the last decade. We focus our study on the accounting topics covered by IAS16, IAS17, IAS 41 and SIC15. We find that in 2005 the regulations exhibit a good level of convergence for property, plant and equipment, a medium level of convergence for lease accounting and divergence for accounting for the agricultural activity. The overall convergence level improved over time for all the topics analysed. These results indicate that the companies with dual reporting may incur lower costs in applying IFRS. Moreover, the national regulations offer the opportunity for a higher level of comparability in Romania of the financial statements prepared under IFRS with those prepared under national regulations. However, we underline that the institutional factors (such as the tax influence over accounting) might negatively affect the convergence of practices. http://revista.cafr.ro/temp/Article_9478.pdf Convergence IFRS Romanian accounting regulations longitudinal analysis eng Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania Audit Financiar 18448801 2016-06-01 14 138 642 650 10.20869/AUDITF/2016/138/642 9479 article Elena Doina DASCĂLU doina.dascalu@rcc.ro 31 Spiru Haret University of Bucharest, The Romanian Court of Accounts This article addresses the issue of determining the appropriate size for the internal audit compartments in the public sector. Public internal control in Romania in undergoing a broad transformation: moving from a standardized management and control (usually through regulations) to an objectives-based management and to a dual control, based on self-management (managerial control), as well as on separate evaluations by independent bodies (public external audit and public internal audit). Within the article default factors are identified for sizing the audit structures: the risks of the organization and the expectations regarding the manner in which the activity can bring value, which is the basis for the allocation of resources. The dimensioning of the internal audit compartment is analysed in terms of seven critical factors, and a comparative analysis of the proposed models (determinants, strengths/weaknesses, applicability criteria) is presented. For the improvement of the internal audit in the public sector, the Model of the Internal Audit Capacity in the Public sector is proposed, advanced by The Institute of Internal Auditors, according to which the evolution of the internal audit activity is structured around a number of levels to be attained in succession. By identifying the factors considered critical for the sizing of the internal audit departments, which have no equivalent (counterpart) in the factors provided for in the current normative framework in Romania, the article contributes to the clarification of issues related to sizing models and procedures in the field. http://revista.cafr.ro/temp/Article_9479.pdf Internal audit; sizing of audit departments; critical factors in dimensioning; models for sizing the audit departments in the public sector eng Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania Audit Financiar 18448801 2016-06-01 14 138 651 658 10.20869/AUDITF/2016/138/651 9480 article Iurii N. GUZOV guzow@mail.ru 30 St. Petersburg State University This paper discusses the recent history of auditing in Russia from 1987 to the present time. This kind of research, such as any inquiry into history, calls for a well-grounded periodization. For the purposes of this study, factors were determined which influence the regulatory and methodological support of auditing; in accordance with the results of the analysis of their time intersections – the logical addition – qualitative leaps in the development of auditing in Russia were identified, which are represented as stages of its evolution. Through the application of this method, four stages in the recent history of auditing in Russia were identified: pre-history (the birth of the Russian auditing, the “wild” auditing); establishment of auditing in Russia; government regulation and licensing; self-regulation of audit activity. http://revista.cafr.ro/temp/Article_9480.pdf Audit history historical stage auditing standards Russia. eng Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania Audit Financiar 18448801 2016-06-01 14 138 659 669 10.20869/AUDITF/2016/138/659 9481 article Mihaela MOCANU mihaela.mocanu@cig.ase.ro 29 Aureliana-Geta ROMAN romanaureliana@yahoo.de 29 Bucharest University of Economic Studies Due to the increased interest for sustainability issues, entities that operate in the areas agriculture, forestry and fishery are exposed to a variety of ecological challenges. Moreover, such fields are generally of strategic importance for a country’s economy, which also increases their exposure to public debate. The present study aims to provide a detailed and accurate description of the financial and non-financial information made available by listed Romanian entities operating in agriculture, forestry and fishery. The research goes beyond the mere description of the content of shareholders’ reports. Its purpose is to assess the financial performance and stability of selected companies and to investigate the relationships between the financial well-being of such companies and the extent to which they disclose non-financial information. The sample consists of companies which operate in the business of fields agriculture, forestry or fishery and are listed at the Bucharest Stock Exchange in Romania. http://revista.cafr.ro/temp/Article_9481.pdf Agriculture; sustainability; reporting; performance; Bucharest Stock Exchange eng Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania Audit Financiar 18448801 2016-06-01 14 138 670 679 10.20869/AUDITF/2016/138/670 9482 article Sînziana-Maria RÎNDAȘU sinziana_rindasu@yahoo.com 28 Bucharest University of Economic Studies The purpose of this paper is to inquire if the young and future financial auditors are fully aware of the impact that information security has on audit missions, focusing also on the responsibilities of the participants in financial audit missions, regarding the assessment of the risks derived from information security. To determine the extent to which audit risk might be influenced by information security, a literature review was conducted, that has focused on this current concern, as expressed by different researchers, professional bodies, Big Four companies and the regulators. In order to assess the current level of awareness regarding the impact of information security on the audit risk, 25 young professionals have participated to a survey and with their answers have proven that they realize the impact of information securing on audit missions and the necessity of having sufficient knowledge regarding information technology in order to identify the risk from the information security area which might affect the financial statements and the activity of the organization. Moreover, young and future financial auditors are aware of the fact that the audit profession will suffer modifications due to the changes in the information technology field, which will affect the approaches in audit missions and in this regards the financial auditors must develop new working skills such as understanding information systems and information security and possessing skills in analysis and data modelling. Besides the survey used, five auditors who work in Big Four companies were interviewed, in order to highlight the way in which the profession is adapting to technological changes, especially in the case of assessing controls of information technology systems and information security. From the results of the interview it can be concluded that within the Big Four companies, there is a high level of awareness regarding the necessity of solid knowledge in the information technology field. The paper is the first to examine the perception of young and future financial auditors from Romania, regarding the impact that the information security has on audit missions. http://revista.cafr.ro/temp/Article_9482.pdf Financial audit information security information technology lifelong learning eng Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania Audit Financiar 18448801 2016-06-01 14 138 680 687 10.20869/AUDITF/2016/138/680 9484 article Silviu DUȚULESCU silviudemetrius@yahoo.com 27 Ileana NIȘULESCU-ASHRAFZADEH ileana.nisulescu@cig.ase.ro 27 Bucharest University of Economic Studies Corruption as a phenomenon is of great interest for the society we live in. As there is no unit of measurement to determine the scale of this phenomenon, comparative studies are chosen most often for the areas concerned. The present paper describes a study focused on all counties in Romania, Bucharest included. The purpose of this research is to establish the determinant factors that influence the size and spread of corruption, as it manifests strong negative effects on the society we live in. Thus, using a set of regressions over the main variables, some correlation coefficients have been set, which after processing rendered a ranking of all the 42 analysed territorial units, sorted by the estimated size of corruption. The whole scientific approach was completed with a map of corruption, which synthesizes and presents the corruption spread nationwide http://revista.cafr.ro/temp/Article_9484.pdf Corruption county charts corruption map Romania